URL manipulation testing, also known as URL tampering or parameter tampering, is a technique used to test the security of web applications by modifying URL parameters and observing the application’s response. It helps identify vulnerabilities that could allow an attacker to manipulate or bypass security controls, access unauthorized data, or perform unintended actions.
Here are some common techniques and considerations for URL manipulation testing:
- Parameter modification: Modify parameters in the URL to test how the application handles unexpected or malicious input. This can involve changing values, removing parameters, adding new parameters, or manipulating encoding.
- Boundary testing: Test the application’s response to values at the boundaries of input limits. For example, try very long or very short values, special characters, or numerical limits.
- Path traversal: Attempt to navigate outside the expected directory structure by manipulating the directory path in the URL. This helps uncover vulnerabilities that could allow unauthorized access to sensitive files or directories.
- Authentication bypass: Modify URL parameters related to authentication, such as session IDs or user roles, to check if the application allows unauthorized access to restricted areas.
- Direct object reference: Modify URL parameters to access or manipulate resources or data that should not be accessible. For example, try changing the identifier in the URL to access another user’s data.
- Error-based testing: Manipulate parameters to trigger error messages or exceptions. This can help identify potential information disclosure vulnerabilities.
- Security control bypass: Modify parameters related to security controls, such as CSRF tokens or input validation mechanisms, to test if they can be bypassed or manipulated.
- Automated tools: Consider using automated security testing tools that can assist in URL manipulation testing. Tools like OWASP ZAP, Burp Suite, or Nessus can help identify common vulnerabilities and save time.
It’s important to perform URL manipulation testing responsibly and with proper authorization. Make sure you have permission from the application owner or follow ethical hacking guidelines if conducting security assessments.