Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: A motivational theory that suggests people are motivated by five levels of needs: physiological, safety, social, esteem, and self-actualization.
Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory: Proposes that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction arise from two different sets of factors – hygiene factors and motivators.
McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y: Describes two contrasting views of workers – Theory X assumes workers are naturally unmotivated, while Theory Y assumes they are self-motivated.
Equity Theory: Focuses on the fairness of work outcomes relative to inputs.
Expectancy Theory: Suggests that individuals are motivated when they believe their efforts will lead to desirable performance and rewards.