Physics engines like Cannon.js simulate real-world behaviors such as gravity, collisions, and force interactions. When integrated with Three.js, it enables physically accurate interactions in 3D environments. Cannon.js manages the physics simulation, while Three.js handles rendering. Synchronizing these two ensures seamless realism.
Use Case:
Physics is essential in VR applications to:
- Simulate Object Behavior: Falling objects, bouncing balls, or destructible environments.
- Interactions: Users can grab, throw, or stack objects realistically.
- Vehicles and Machinery: Simulating dynamics for cars, bikes, or elevators in VR worlds.
- Puzzle Mechanics: Enabling gravity-based puzzles or interactions that rely on physical forces.
Advantages:
- Realistic Dynamics: Physics-driven interactions feel natural and intuitive in VR.
- Extensive Features: Cannon.js supports rigid bodies, constraints, and forces.
- Enhanced Immersion: Adds depth and believability by replicating real-world physics.
Limitations:
- Performance Overhead: Physics calculations can be CPU-heavy, especially for complex simulations or a large number of objects.
- Synchronization Complexity: The physics simulation must be updated in sync with the Three.js render loop.
- Simplified Models: Detailed collision shapes may require simplifications (e.g., convex hulls), which can reduce accuracy.