The Following suitescript function can be used to disable the column in a sublist.
/**
* Function to be disable the column in a sublist
*
* @param {string} sublistId - id of the sublist
* @param {string} fieldId - id of the field need to be disabled
*
*/
function disableColumn(sublistId,fieldId){
//get the sublist from the record
var sublistObj = custrecord.getSublist({
sublistId: sublistId
});
//get the field from the sublist need to be disabled
var columnObj = sublistObj.getColumn({
fieldId: fieldId
});
//disable the field
columnObj.isDisabled = true;
}