Jigs and fixtures are production tools used to improve accuracy, repeatability, and efficiency during manufacturing, assembly, or testing. They are essential in machining, woodworking, electronics assembly, and automated production.
What Are Jigs?
A jig is a device that guides a tool to perform an operation in the correct position.
Key features of a jig:
- Guides the cutting/drilling tool
- Control’s location, angle, and path of the tool
- Makes the process faster and more accurate
- Does not require the operator to measure every time
Examples of jigs:
- Drill jig holds a part and guides a drill bit using bushings
- Cutting jig guides a saw, cutter, or blade
- Soldering jig aligns wire or components for consistent soldering
- Wire length jig ensures identical wire lengths every time
What Are Fixtures?
A fixture is a device that holds and supports the workpiece during an operation.
Key features of a fixture:
- Holds the workpiece securely
- Ensures consistency, precision, and safety
- Allows accurate machining or assembly with minimal movement
- Usually attached to a machine table or bench
Examples of fixtures:
- Vise or clamp fixture holds a part during milling
- Welding fixture: positions parts to keep angles correct
- Soldering fixture holds a PCB steady during assembly
- Inspection fixture: holds a part for measurement
Why are they important?
Jigs and fixtures are used because they:
- Improve productivity
- Reduce human error
- Increase repeatability
- Reduce manufacturing time
- Help unskilled operators perform precise tasks
They are crucial in:
- Manufacturing
- Assembly lines
- Electronics workshops
- STEM labs and robotics
- CNC and manual machining
- 3D printing setups