Organizational behavior (OB) is the study of how individuals and groups interact within an organizational context, aiming to enhance organizational effectiveness. It incorporates elements from sociology, psychology, communication, and management to understand the impact of personal attributes, group dynamics, organizational structures, and cultures on behavior in the workplace. Key concepts in OB include individual behavior, group dynamics, motivation, leadership, communication, decision-making, power and politics, conflict and negotiation, organizational culture, and change management. Research methods such as surveys, experiments, case studies, and ethnography are commonly used to gather data and test hypotheses, providing valuable insights for improving job performance, employee satisfaction, innovation, and adaptability within organizations.
The importance of OB lies in its application to various organizational practices, such as human resource management, organizational development, change management, and performance management. By understanding and leveraging OB principles, managers can create work environments that boost employee morale and productivity, build cohesive teams, and foster effective leadership. This holistic approach to studying behavior in organizations helps in making informed decisions that align with organizational goals, ultimately contributing to the overall success and health of the organization.