Selendroid

Selendroid is an open-source test automation framework for Android that allows you to write tests for native, hybrid, and mobile web applications. It is part of the Selenium family and is designed to be compatible with Selenium WebDriver, making it an excellent choice for those already familiar with Selenium-based testing. Here’s a detailed overview of Selendroid and how to get started with it:

Key Features of Selendroid

1. Cross-Platform Testing:

• Supports testing of native and hybrid Android apps as well as mobile web applications.

1. Selenium Compatibility:

• Uses Selenium WebDriver API, allowing for seamless integration with existing Selenium tests and frameworks.

1. Multiple Android Versions:

• Supports Android versions from 2.3 (Gingerbread) to the latest Android releases.

1. Emulator and Real Device Support:

• Tests can be run on both Android emulators and real devices.

1. No App Modification Required:

• Does not require any modification or recompilation of the app under test.

1. Parallel Testing:

• Supports parallel execution of tests on multiple devices.

1. Hot Plugging:

• Devices can be plugged in and out without restarting the test process.

Getting Started with Selendroid

To get started with Selendroid, you need to set up your environment and write your first test. Here are the steps to follow:

Step 1: Set Up the Environment

1. Install Java:

• Ensure you have Java Development Kit (JDK) installed. You can download it from the Oracle website.

1. Install Android SDK:

• Download and install the Android SDK from the Android developer site.

1. Set Up Selendroid:

• Download the Selendroid standalone server from the Selendroid website.

Step 2: Configure Your Project

1. Create a New Project:

• Create a new Maven or Gradle project in your preferred IDE (e.g., IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse).

1. Add Selendroid Dependencies:

• Add the following dependencies to your pom.xml (for Maven) or build.gradle (for Gradle):

1. Maven:

xml

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<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>io.selendroid</groupId> <artifactId>selendroid-standalone</artifactId> <version>0.17.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId> <version>3.141.59</version> </dependency> </dependencies> 

1. Gradle:

gradle

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dependencies { testImplementation 'io.selendroid:selendroid-standalone:0.17.0' testImplementation 'org.seleniumhq.selenium:selenium-java:3.141.59' } 

Step 3: Write Your First Selendroid Test

Here’s an example of a basic Selendroid test written in Java:

1. Start Selendroid Server:

• Start the Selendroid standalone server using the command line:

bash

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java -jar selendroid-standalone-0.17.0-with-dependencies.jar 

1. Create the Test Class:

• Create a new Java class for your test:

java

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import io.selendroid.client.SelendroidDriver; import io.selendroid.common.SelendroidCapabilities; import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities; import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class SelendroidTest { private WebDriver driver; @BeforeClass public void setUp() throws Exception { SelendroidCapabilities caps = new SelendroidCapabilities("io.selendroid.testapp:0.17.0"); driver = new SelendroidDriver(caps); } @Test public void testUI() { WebElement inputField = driver.findElement(By.id("my_text_field")); inputField.sendKeys("Hello Selendroid!"); WebElement button = driver.findElement(By.id("buttonTest")); button.click(); } @AfterClass public void tearDown() { if (driver != null) { driver.quit(); } } } 

Step 4: Run Your Test

1. Run the Test:

• Run the test class using your IDE or via the command line:

bash

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mvn test 

Example of a More Complex Selendroid Test

Here’s an example demonstrating how to interact with different UI elements and perform various assertions:

java

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import io.selendroid.client.SelendroidDriver; import io.selendroid.common.SelendroidCapabilities; import org.openqa.selenium.By; import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement; import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass; import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass; import org.testng.annotations.Test; public class AdvancedSelendroidTest { private WebDriver driver; @BeforeClass public void setUp() throws Exception { SelendroidCapabilities caps = new SelendroidCapabilities("io.selendroid.testapp:0.17.0"); driver = new SelendroidDriver(caps); } @Test public void testLogin() { WebElement usernameField = driver.findElement(By.id("inputUsername")); usernameField.sendKeys("testuser"); WebElement passwordField = driver.findElement(By.id("inputPassword")); passwordField.sendKeys("password"); WebElement loginButton = driver.findElement(By.id("loginButton")); loginButton.click(); WebElement welcomeMessage = driver.findElement(By.id("welcomeMessage")); Assert.assertEquals(welcomeMessage.getText(), "Welcome testuser!"); } @AfterClass public void tearDown() { if (driver != null) { driver.quit(); } } } 

Best Practices for Selendroid

1. Use Accessibility IDs:

• Use accessibility IDs for UI elements to make tests more robust and less prone to breakage due to UI changes.

1. Modularize Your Tests:

• Break down your test code into reusable methods to improve readability and maintainability.

1. Handle Synchronization:

• Use explicit waits to handle synchronization issues, ensuring that the UI elements are ready before interacting with them.

1. Parallel Execution:

• Take advantage of Selendroid’s parallel execution capabilities to run tests on multiple devices simultaneously, speeding up the testing process.

1. Continuous Integration:

• Integrate Selendroid tests with your CI/CD pipeline to automate testing and catch issues early in the development process.

Conclusion

Selendroid is a powerful tool for automating Android app testing, offering seamless integration with Selenium WebDriver and support for both native and hybrid applications. By following the steps outlined above, you can set up Selendroid in your project and start writing effective tests to ensure your Android applications perform as expected.